A finite state machine (FSM), often represented as a state diagram, models the operation of a vending machine by defining its various states (e.g., idle, coin inserted, item selected, dispensing, change dispensed) and the transitions between them based on inputs (coin insertion, item selection) and outputs (item dispensing, change return). For instance, a simplified model might have a transition from “idle” to “coin inserted” when a coin is deposited, and from “item selected” to “dispensing” once a valid item choice is made. This structured approach provides a clear and concise representation of the machine’s logic.
This methodical approach offers several key advantages in designing and implementing such systems. It facilitates a clear understanding of the complex interactions within the machine, aiding in debugging and maintenance. Furthermore, using a state machine simplifies the development process, allowing for modularity and easier integration of new features. Historically, FSMs have been essential for creating robust and reliable control systems in various automated devices, including vending machines, proving to be a fundamental tool in embedded systems design.
