Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and invasive mechanical ventilation are two primary forms of respiratory support used to assist individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). NIV, often delivered through a mask interface, provides respiratory support without the need for surgery. In contrast, invasive mechanical ventilation requires a tracheostomy and provides complete control over breathing. The specific type of support depends on individual needs and the progression of the disease.
Respiratory muscle weakness is a hallmark of ALS, eventually impacting the ability to cough, clear secretions, and breathe effectively. Respiratory support plays a crucial role in maintaining quality of life and extending survival for individuals with ALS. The decision to initiate respiratory support is a complex one involving careful consideration of the individual’s overall health, disease progression, and personal preferences. The development and refinement of these technologies have significantly improved the care and prognosis for those living with ALS.