A linear actuator system frequently employed in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining centers utilizes a toothed rack and a small gear (pinion). Rotary motion from the machine’s motor, transmitted through the pinion, engages with the rack’s teeth, converting rotational force into precise linear movement. This mechanism drives the machine tool along an axis, enabling accurate material removal or other machining operations. A common application is found in gantry-style routing machines where the cutting head is moved across the workpiece.
This type of actuation offers distinct advantages in CNC applications. High speed and precision are achievable due to the direct drive nature of the system, minimizing backlash and improving responsiveness. The straightforward design promotes cost-effectiveness in manufacturing and maintenance. Historically, similar mechanisms have been utilized in various mechanical systems for centuries; however, its adaptation to CNC machinery represents a significant advancement in automated fabrication.
